VOCABULARY AROUND THE HOUSE

Definition of house :

as Nouns

• a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
• the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments

• the members of a religious community living together
• the audience gathered together in a theatre or cinema
• an official assembly having legislative powers
• aristocratic family line

• play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults

          (astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

• the management of a gambling house or casino
• a social unit living together
• a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented
• a building in which something is sheltered or located

as Verbs

• contain or cover
• provide housing for 

  Useful Vocabulary

  
  attic | bathroom | bedroom | kitchen | living room

  

  Build Up

  Other Rooms

  Attic	: People store things in the attic.
  Ballroom	: A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held.
  Box Room	: A small room used for storage.
  Cellar	: Underneath the house.
  Cloakroom	: A small room where people put their coats.
  Conservatory	: A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plants.
  Dining Room	: A room where people eat (see eating at home).
  Drawing Room	: A room in stately homes where rich people entertain.
  Games Room	: A room in large houses where games are played.
  Hall	: The entrance passage to a house.
  Larder	: A small room used for the storage of food.
  Library	: A room where books are kept.
  Lounge	: Another name for living room.
  Music Room	: A room where people play music.
  Office	: A room where people work.
  Pantry	: A small room used to store kitchen and dining items.
  Parlour	: Old fashioned word for living room.
  Sitting Room	: Another name for living room.
  Spare Room/ Guest Room	: A room where guests sleep.
  Toilet	: A room where people go to the toilet (often known as WC)
  Utility Room	: A room where appliances such as washing machines are used.

  

  

  Dialogue

  Dialogue : It's Saturday and Joan and Steve are decorating. Joan  : Steve, you missed a bit. Steve: Where? Joan  : Here, on the wall just by the window, you can see a patch of white. Steve : Oh yes, I see it. It's difficult in this light. Joan  : I know, well at least we have finished this room, only five more to go. Steve : Are you sure you want to put wallpaper up in the lounge? Joan  : Yes, but don't worry, I'm really good at wallpapering. I just wish that John would decide on what he wants his room doing in. Steve : I know, it's difficult when you're a boy. At least he's grown out of Star Wars, I keep thinking he'll ask for red and black or something equally gruesome. Joan   : Yes, but it is his room. I'm glad we decided not to move though. Maybe we should think about building an extension to the kitchen instead. Steve : One thing at a time please! Lets get this decorating over and done with first. Joan  : Ha! Oh by the way you missed a bit by the door too! Steve : Hmmm, thanks. Here's a brush.

PASSIVE VOICE

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped) 

 

Examples of Passive Level: lower intermediate

Tense		Subject	Verb	Object
Simple Present	Active:	Rita	writes	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	is written	by Rita.
Simple Past	Active:	Rita	wrote	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	was written	by Rita.
Present Perfect	Active:	Rita	has written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	has been written	by Rita.
Future I	Active:	Rita	will write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	will be written	by Rita.
Hilfsverben	Active:	Rita	can write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	can be written	by Rita.

 

Examples of Passive Level: upper intermediate

Tense		Subject	Verb	Object
Present Progressive	Active:	Rita	is writing	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	is being written	by Rita.
Past Progressive	Active:	Rita	was writing	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	was being written	by Rita.
Past Perfect	Active:	Rita	had written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	had been written	by Rita.
Future II	Active:	Rita	will have written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	will have been written	by Rita.
Conditional I	Active:	Rita	would write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	would be written	by Rita.
Conditional II	Active:	Rita	would have written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	would have been written	by Rita.

 

Passive Sentences with Two Objects Level: intermediate

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.

	Subject	Verb	Object 1	Object 2
Active:	Rita	wrote	a letter	to me.
Passive:	A letter	was written	to me	by Rita.
Passive:	I	was written	a letter	by Rita.

. As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. That’s why it is usually dropped.

 

Personal and Impersonal Passive

Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.

Example: They build houses. – Houses are built.

Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction – therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive.

Example: he says – it is said

Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German, Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know).

Example: They say that women live longer than men. – It is said that women live longer than men.

Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common.

Example: They say that women live longer than men. – Women are said to live longer than men.

The subject of the subordinate clause (women) goes to the beginning of the sentence; the verb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using an infinitive construction with 'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped).

Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of an active sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence.

ASKING IF SOMEONE REMEMBERS OR NOT

1. Formal expressions:
- I wonder if you remember.....
- You remember...., don’t you?
- You haven’t forgotten...., have you?
- Don’t you remember.....?
- Do you happen to remember it now?
• Ways to respond:
- Let me think, yes, I remember.
- I remember especially the scenery.
- I’ll never forget that
- I’ll always remember.
- I can remember it clearly.

2. Informal expressions:
- Remember the old house we used to live in?
- Remember that?
- I’m sorry I don’t remember
• Ways to respond:
- Hold on. Yes, got it!
- I know.....
- It’s coming back to me now.
• Respond if you forget:
- Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
- I’m afraid I forget.
- I really can’t remember.
- I’m afraid I have no memory of him
- Emmm, let me think. No, it’s gone.
- Sorry, it slipped off my mind.

Example :
It was Sunday morning, Tia got dressed and had breakfast quickly. She was ready to leave for school. Her mother was a little puzzled.
Mother : Hey...hey.... are you going to school?
Tia : Yes, Mom. I overslept. I’m in a hurry
Mother : You remember Sunday, don’t you?
Tia : Oh, my goodness. I thought it’s a school day

OFFERING

Definition of Offering :

1. The act of making an offer.
2. Something, such as stock, that is offered.
3. A presentation made to a deity as an act of religious worship or sacrifice; an oblation.
4. A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service.


Offering to older people:

• Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Green?
• Should I get you a bottle of water?
• Could I offer you a glass of lemonade, Mrs. Lina?
• Would you care for some salad ?

Offering to friends:

• Want some?
• Have some.
• Chocolate?
• Glass of lemonade?
• Grab some for yourself.
• Would you like to have a pancake?
• Why don’t you have some lemonade?
• What can I get for you?
• What will you have?

Accepting an offer:

• Thank you
• Yes, please
• I’d like it very much
• Thank you, I would
• That would be very nice

Declining an offer:

• No, thanks.
• No, I really won’t. Thank you.
• Not for me, thanks.
• No, thanks. I’m not hungry.

SIMPLE FUTURE

Simple future is used for describing job or action that will happened in the future. Simple future has two different forms in English: “will” and “be going to”.

Positive (+)
a) S + shall/will + V1
Example:
• I shall write a novel.
• They will play badminton.
• Charlie will go to the market.

b) S + be + going + to + V1
Example:
• I am going to write a novel.
• They are going to play badminton.
• Charlie is give a present to me.

Negative (-)
a) S + shall/will + not +V1 + O
Example:
• I shan’t write a novel.
• She won’t clean the room.
• You will not help him later.
• I will not take a nap soon.

b) S + to be + not + going to + V1 + O
Example:
• I am not going to party.
• He is not going to visit his grandparents next month.
• We are not going to clean the classroom.

Interogative(?)
a) Will + S + V1 + O
Example:
• Will you arrive on time?
• Will they want dinner?
• Will he swim very fast?

b) To be + S + going to + V1
Example:
• Am I going to visit my aunt?
• Are you buying a shirt?
• Is he going to write a novel?

Use of simple Future :
1. Use “will” to express a voluntary action
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?

2. Use “will” to express a promise
Examples:
• I will call you when I arrive.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• I won’t tell anyone your secret.

3. Use “be going to” to express a plan
Examples:
• He is going to spend his vacation in Bandung.
• I’m going to be an actress when I grow up.
• She is not going o spend her holiday in Jakarta.

4. Use “will” or “be going to” to express a prediction
Examples:
• The year 2212 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2212 is going to be a very interesting year.
• Charlie ST12 will be the next president.

NOUN PHRASES

Noun is a word that names a person, animal, place, thing, idea, or concept, or anything considered as noun 

     The Noun examples

•       Persons: girl, boy, instructor, student, Mr. Smith, Peter, president

•       Animals: dog, cat, shark, hamster, fish, bear, flea

•        Places: gym, store, school, Lake Minnetonka, Minnesota, village, Europe

•       Things: computer, pen, notebook, mailbox, bush, tree, cornflakes

•       Ideas: liberty, panic, attention, knowledge, compassion, worship 

 The Functions of Nouns in Sentences 
1.Subject of the sentence 
2.Predicate Noun (also Predicate Nominative or Subjective Complement)

3. Appositive (noun in apposition) 

4. Direct object of a verb

5. Indirect object of a verb

6. Object of the preposition

7. Object Complement (Objective Complement)

Gerunds can also be classified as noun

 For example:

•       I like swimming

•       The word ‘swimming’  is a gerund

•     

PHRASES

             •  A  phrase is a group of related words that lacks both a subject and a predicate. Because it lacks a subject and a predicate it cannot act as a sentence.

             •  A noun phrase consists of a pronoun or noun with any associated modifiers, including adjectives, adjective phrases, and other nouns in the possessive case.

             • Like a noun, a noun phrase can act as a subject, as the object of a verb or verbal, as a subject or object complement, or as the object of a preposition, as in the following ...

           •       Small children often insist that they can do it by themselves.

FINITE & NON FINITE VERBS

The finite forms of a verb are the forms where the verb shows tense, person or number. Non-finite verb forms have no person or number, but some types can show tense.

• Finite verb forms include: I go, she goes, he went

• Non-finite verb forms include: to go, going, gone

• FINITE

A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense according to the rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verbs can form independent clauses, which can stand on their own as complete sentences.
Example of finite verb :
• I study, she cook, Anto went
• Sidy has eaten when Rini come in. By it self, the verb form eaten is called a non-finite verb. When the auxiliary has and the non-finite verb eaten are put together, they make up a finite verb form has eaten.
• Tamara was walking. Walking is non-finite and was is to be. When they are put together, they make up finite form was walking
 

• NON-FINITE VERB

Definition of non-finite verb :
a verb has no subject, tense, or number. The only finite verb forms are the infinitive (indicated by to), the gerund or the participle (present/past), nonfinite verbs must ordinarily combine with a modal , an auxiliary verb, or the infinitival particle to.


Example of nonfinite verb

Verbs ending in -ing. These are called present participles, they were cooking in Sinta’s house.
This non-finite verb form end in -ed; many also end in en. These are called past participles. I have written my letter ( the past participle written is non-finite and can’t be the main verb).
Talking is the children’s favorite pastime. ( talking is a gerund, verb to be noun)
I can’t afford to go out tonight

The infinitive can have the following forms:

The perfect infinitive
to have + past participle


For example: to have broken, to have seen, to have saved.
This form is most commonly found in Type 3 conditional sentences, using the conditional perfect.

For example:
• If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake.
• Someone must have broken the window and climbed in.
• I would like to have seen the Taj Mahal when I was in India.
• He pretended to have seen the film.
• If I'd seen the ball I would have caught it

NEWS ITEM

News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are considered newsworthy or important.
Generic structure of news item :
1. Newsworthy events
2. Background events
3. Source
 
The text above is a news item in written form. It’s purpose is to inform the readers about event of the day which are considered news worth or important. The structure of this text type is :
1. Newsworthy event(s) : recount(s) the event(s) in a summary form.
2. Background events : elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances.
3. Source : comments by participant, in witness to and autorities expert on the event.
 
Language feature of news item
1. Using action verbs
2. Using saying verbs
3. Using passive sentence

• There are some rules that an help to make newspaper headlines more comprehensible.
• The passive voice is used without the appropriate from of ‘’be’’.
• It is unusual to find complex forms, generally the simple prevent form id used.
• The present progressive tense is used, usually to describe something that is changing or developing, but the auxiliary verb is usually left out.
• To refer to the future, headlines often use the infinitive.
• Headlines are not always complete sentences.

INTRODUCTORY IT

A: To get the best score is hard.
B: It is hard to get the best score.
In this pattern, it has no meaning. It is used only to fill the subject position in the sentence. Thus, it is called introductory it. A and B the same thing, but the sentence B is more common mainly to make the meaning of B easier to understand. Introductory “it” can fill the position both of the subject and object.

When the subject is clause, the sentence usually begins with it. So instead of saying “That he was once a communist is true,” we say,” It is true that he was once a communist.”

Introductory it is also used with seem, appear, and look when the subject is an infinitive phrase, a phrase with a gerund in it or clause.
It looked doubtful whether she would come.
It seemed strange that she should behave like that.
It seems possible that he may quit the job.
It appeared unwise to offend him.

It is sometimes used as the object of the verbs think, feel, deem, count, consider etc.
Don’t you think it dangerous to drive so carelessly?
I consider it a privilege to have this opportunity of welcoming you.

The introductory it is sometimes used in questions.
Who was it that broke the window?
It is Peter who broke the window.
When the subject is an infinitive phrase, the sentence often begins with it. Instead of saying “To find fault with others is easy”, we say “It is easy to find the fault with others.”

When the subject is a phrase that includes a gerund, it is used as a provisional subject to begin the sentence. Instead of saying “Your trying to deceive us is no good,” we may say “It is no good your trying to deceive you.

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Descriptive text is available for a screen reader device to audibly describe a graph or map so a visually impaired user can understand the graphical information . Or to describe the characteristic of particular Person, thing , or place .

 Textstructure:

- Identification: Identifies thing, person, place, phenomenon to be described.
- Description: Gives the information of particular thing, person, or place being discussed or describes parts, qualities, or Characteristic.

 Language figures:

a. Topic is usually about the attributes of a think.
b. The use of think person pronoun forms is used.
c. The use of focus specific human and non human participants.
d. The use of reasoning expressed as verbs or noun.
e. The use of material.
f. The use of relation and mental process.

Characteristic:

a. Use the simple present tense.
b. Using detailed noun phrases to provide information on the subject.
c. Uses relating verbs to provide information on the subject.
d. Use the thinking and feeling verbs to reveal personal views about the subject
author.
e. Use action verbs.
f. Use adverbials to provide additional information.
g. Use figurative language such as simile, metaphor.

 Grammatical features:

- Who? What?
- Using linking verb and simple present tense,
- Epithet: adjective or adjective phrase,
- Attributive (the)
- Use a attributive and identifying process,
- Focus an specific participants,
- Frequent use of epithets and classified in nominal groups

 Example of Descriptive text :
                                                    Bandengan Beach
Bandengan Beach or Tirta Samudra Beach is the famous beach in jepara. the place is very beautiful and romantic. people around Jepara, Kudus, Demak knows this place.
This place is located 7 kilometers north of Jepara city center. The way to get there is very easy. Just follow the traffic sign and you will find it. From the town square, follow the road to Bangsri then turn left when reached kuwasen village. You can take public transportation or by your own vehicle.
The white sandy beach which has pure water is good for swimming. The beach is save enough for swimming because the beach is shallow and the wave is not so big. This place is more beautiful at dusk. We can see the beautiful sunset with our family or friends.
In this location, we can sit and relax on the shelter while enjoy the natural beach breezy wind. It also has large pandan tree field. It is suitable for youngster activities such as camping.
If we want to sail, we can rent the traditional boat owned by local people. We can make voyage around the beach or we can go to pulau panjang (panjang island). Some time we can find banana boat and jet ski for rent.
In this place we can find many traditional footstalls. We can order traditional foods sold by the trader such as roasted fish, crab, boiled shell. Pindang srani is one of the delicious food enjoyed by the visitors.
come to the bandengan beach and you will find a paradise on the tips of Muria peninsula

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

A. Direct Speech
Direct speech refer to reproducing another person’s exact words o saying exactly what someone had said (sometimes called quated speech)
Here what a person says appears within quatation marks (‘’...’’) and should be word for word.

B. Indirect Speech
Indirect speech reproducing the idea of another person’s word doesn’t use question mark to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word foe word. Indirect speech is sometimes called reported speech.

TENSE CHANGE
• When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have robe in the past too.
• Note : reporting verbs that are usually used ti report imperative sentence are : tell, other command, ask, warn, remind.

Present Simple
Past tense
Direct : Iis said ‘’ I eat fried chicken’’.
Indirect : Iis said that she ate fried chicken.

Past Simple
Past Perfect
Direct : Mother said ‘’ I want to market yesterday’’
Indirect : Mother said (that) she had gone to market the day before.
Future Simple
Past Future
Direct : Dheppy said ‘’ I will buy a notebook next week’’.
Indirect : Dheppy said (that) she would buy a notebook the week after.

Present Continuous
Past Continuous
Direct : Sinta said ‘’ I’m playing badminton ‘’
Indirect : Sinta said she was plating badminton.

Past Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Direct : She said ‘’ I was teaching earlier’’
Indirect : She said she had been teaching earlier

NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative text is a text that is used for the purpose of entertaining or amusing, creating ,stimulating emotions,motivating,guiding and teaching the readrs or the listeners and it usually deals with actual or vicious experience .
Narrative text such as : fable (Mouse Deer and Crocodile),legend/folk tables (Sangkuriang ,Malin Kundang),Fairy Tale (Cinderella,Snow White ,Pinochio)

The generic of Narrative text :

1. Orientation : It sets  the scene and introduces the participants ( it answer the    questions = who,when,what,where )
2. Evaluation : A stepping back to evaluate the plight ( the information about  the narrator’s point of view ) .It’s optional.
3. Complication : A crisis or a problem arises.It usually involves the main characters
4. Resulation   : A solution to the problem ( for better or worse ) main characters find ways to solve the problem.

Some important point in the story of narrative text are :

• It uses temporal conjunction : ex once upon a time ,before,after,etc.
• It uses simple past tense        : ex  there lived a……….one day…there was …etc

For the example of Narrative text :

                      “  Island  Rote “

Rote is small but a fertile island.Rote is located at the province of east Nusa Tenggara .There wasn’t any big town on the island ,but a small village.Not very far from that village ,there was a small hut.A woman and her grand daughter lived  in that hut.Every day the grand daughter was away,then she got busy in the kitchen cooking rice.In the afternoon both of them cooked the fish .When the meals were ready ,both are ravenously.
One day,the old woman told her grand daughter ,” My grand daughter from now on please cook one grain of  rice only a day .Please don’t forget about it,” said the grand daughter  earnestly then the girl got busy with the cooking.After  a short time ,she time ,she went to see whether the rice was well cooked .When she opened the lid of the cooking pot ,the content overflowed.
The girl time franticallt to catch the flowing rice with a bowl .But the rice continuosly overflowed.The girl got more franticly  seeing the rice flood ,the entire floor of the hut.The rice even flooded the garden outside .Crying,the girl ran out of the hut to look for her grand mother.On her way to beach ,the girl ran into her grand mother.She told everthing about the incident.Her grand mother got very mad at the because she didn’t obey her .The girl cried out for mecy.Her grand mother ,unfortunately ,kept on beating her.Suddenly the girl disappreared in a thin cloud .Not long after wards ,the could deared a away and thereb appeared a monkey .The girl has changed into  a monkey.
“ Now .Grand mother,you are all by yourself.Nobody else is going to cook the rice ,prepare the coffee ,and tall with you,”said the monkey.The grand mother got lost in receive .She deeply regretted  what she did

MODALS IN THE PAST FORM

Modals in the past form
1. Could + Verb base
• To offer suggestions or possibilities
Example:
Jason : Oh, no! I left my shorts.
Nate : Don’t worry, Jason. You could borrow my shorts.

Mitchie : I’m having trouble with English.
Demi : Why don’t you ask Tess? Perhaps she could help you.
• To indicate that the ability existed in the past but doesn’t exist now.
Example:
Mitchie : Ras, can you climb the coconut tree?
Shane : Well… I could climb coconut tree when I was so young. But I think I’m too heavy to climb it.

Selena : Grandpa, what could you do when you were younger?
Grandpa : When I was younger, I could swim across the big river very well and faster.
• To express polite requests
Example:
* Could I borrow your pencil (please)?
* Could you lend me your jacket now?
* Could you please close the door?
* Could you pass the salt?


2. Would + Verb base

• For an action that was repeated regularly in the past
Example:
* When I was a child, I would visit my grandparents every weekend.
* On Sundays, when I was a child, we would all get up early and go fishing.
• Insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences
Example:
Troy : What would you rather do in the weekend, go to the party or stay home?
Ryan : I would rather go to the party than stay home.

Gabriella : Which country would you rather visit?
Sharpay : I would rather visit Italia than Somalia.
• To express polite requests
Example:
Nick : Would you mind cycling with me, Selena?
Selena : No, not at all. It would be nice.

Joey : Would you please pass the helmet, Mary?
Mary : No problem.


3. Should + Verb base

• To give definite advice (advisability)
Example:
Mom : Putri, you should study tonight. You will have English test tomorrow, won’t you?
Mitchie : Joe : You should paint your door, Kevin. It looks terrible.
Kevin : Yes, I know I should.
• To express the subject’s obligation or duty:
Example:
* You should practice for more than an hour. (to musical friend)
* They shouldn’t allow parking here; the street is too narrow.
* Application should be sent before March 13th.

4. Might + Verb base

• To tell possibilities
Example:
Nick : Where is Joe?
Kevin : He might be in the studio with Stella.
• To express polite requests
Example:
Demi : Might I borrow your coat?
Miley : I’m afraid not. It has been brought by Hannah for weeks and I don’t know when he’ll return

ASKING FOR INFORMATION

Asking Information There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common:

• · Could you tell me…?
• · Do you know…?
• · Do you happen to know…?
• · I’d like to know…
• · Could you find out…?
• · I’m interested in…
• · I’m looking for..

These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone:

• · I’m calling to find out…
• · I’m calling about…

Here are some sample phrases and sentences for asking information in English
1. What is this? This is a tableThis is a chair.
2. What is that? That is a eraser.
3. What’s this? It’s a pen.
4. What’s that? It’s an apple.
5. What are these? These are pencils.
6. What are those? Those are books.
7. Where is Mr. King? He is over there.
8. Where is Ms. Knight? She’s (right) here.
9. Where’s Johnny? He’s in the house.
10. When’s the movie? It’s at 5:00.
11. When’s lunch? Lunch is at noon.
12. How is the food? It’s delicious.

Information about company

• What does your company do?
• What is your specialty?
• What do you specialize in?
• What is your main line of school?

Information about products

• Could you give me some (more) information on this?
• What can you tell me about this (product)?
• Tell me about this one/model.

Information about Price

• What are you asking for this?
• What does this sell for?
• How much is it?
• How much does it run?

INVITATION ( WRITTEN )

Most spore invitation are in the farm of question they often begin with will,would,would you like to,would you care to,etc

Offering invitation

• Would you like to come to the restaurant this evening?
• Will you join us?
• Would you care to have dinner with us tonight?
• Could you come to a party at my place tomorrow?
• I wander whether you would care to come on a picnic with us next week?

Accepting invitation

• Yes,I’d love very much.
• Thank you.
• Yes,with pleasure.

Refusing

• If you don’t mind, I'd rather not.
• Thank you, I'm busy,may be next time.
• I have got another appointment.
• I’m sorry.
• I’ve lost to work to do.

EXAMPLE :
Invitation Verbal

Example:
We want to invite you to come to our house
Can you come to my restaurant?
Are you free tonight?

Accepting (menerima)
I like that
That sounds good
Thank you for inviting

Refusing (menolak):
I like that but I can’t
I’m very sorry for not able to come
Sorry, I’m very busy

How to Write An Invitation :

1. Before you write an invitation, decide on the tone, voice and level of formality, based on the event itself. This will dictate whether you hand-write the cards or have them printed, and whether you choose A pre-printed or personalized invitation.
2. Choose the type of invite you want, and order or buy a few more than you think you'll need. This will permit you to add some guests to your list at the last minute, if necessary. For small parties, you may want to hand-write the invitations on stationery or blank cards. For large gatherings, consider ordering printed invitations.
3. Determine the wording of your invite based on the level of formality. For example, a formal invitation might say, 'Dr. and Mrs. Stanley request the pleasure of your company,' whereas a more casual note might say, 'Please join us.'
4. Include the names of the host and/or hostess, as well as the place (with street address), time, date and purpose of the occasion, even if it's a simple get-together.
5. Make sure to add RSVP information at the bottom of the invite if you need to know who will be attending; for example, 'RSVP' followed by your telephone number.
6. Include a respond-by date on a formal invitation so you can get an accurate head count in time to adjust the amount of food, number of place settings and room size. For a wedding, charity function or other formal event, consider including a response card and a stamped, self-addressed envelope inside the envelope containing your invite.
7. Mail invitations three weeks before most events, four weeks before a formal affair and three months before a wedding, to allow for airline reservations. For events held during the December holidays, send invitations around Thanksgiving.

SURPRISE AND DISBELIEF

A.SURPRISE
 the meaning of surprise
surprise is expression which someone show when get a surprise
surprise can have some valence,it can be neutral expression,pleasant or accodinglysome would not categories surprise in itself as an emotion of every human

EXPRESSING

• wow what a surprise
• that's a surprise
• really?
• what?
• are you serious?
• you're kidding!

RESPONDING

• yeah!
• it is!
• yup!
• sure!
• it's true!
• no,i'm not

DIALOG OF SURPRISE

Dwi    : Did you know that heath ledger died?
Amin   : you're kidding
Dwi     : No i'm not. I read it in magazine this morning
Amin   : Oh my goodness!

B.DISBELIEFE
Disbeliefe is expression to not believe something or someone with reason or unreason

EXPRESSING

• I don't belive it
• I just can't belive it
• It can't be true
• It's unbelieveble

DIALOG OF DISBELIEF
Teacher  :Here is your test paper. actually,i can't believe it!
Student  :What's matter sir?
Teacher  :Im sorry you got a bad mark this time.did you have any problem?
Student  : Yes sir, felt unwell during the test

CONGRATULATION, COMPLIMENT AND GRATITUDE

• Congratulation  is an expression that we use to give the congratulation utterance when he/she succeeds in doing something.

•          Congratulating:

•          Congratulations!

•          Congratulations on your success!

•          Happy birthday!

•          Happy Lebaran Day/Happy led!

•          Merry Christmas!

•          Happy New Year!

•          Happy Valentine!

•          Happy anniversary!

•        Compliment is an expression that we show or say to express/give praise. Some people use compliments to “butter up” somebody or to flatter in order to increase good will, for example:

•          on his/her general appearance

•          if you notice something new about the person’s appearance

•          when you visit someone’s house for the first time

•          when other people do their best

•          Complimenting:

•          What a nice dress!

•          You look great.

•          You look very nice/beautiful/handsome.

•          I really must express my admiration for your dance.

•          Good grades!

•          Excellent!

•          Nice work!

•          Good job!

•          Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people. When speaking English, you say “thanks” very often. Please say “thank you” when people give you something, help you do something, wish you something and give you a compliment etc.

•          Thanking:

•          Thank you very much

•          Thank you for your help

•          I’m really very grateful to you

•          You’re welcome

•          Don’t mention it

•          It’s a pleasure / My pleasure

•          I want to express my gratitude to (my teacher, my father, etc)

•          I am grateful to your help